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Veronika Dolar, Ph.D.
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Natural Gas Market Data Dashboard
Research Companion · Natural Gas Markets
Global Natural Gas Market Data
Prices · Hubs · Storage · Academic Resources
Data updated daily via source links
US · Europe · Global LNG

This dashboard accompanies Natural Gas Markets: Infrastructure, Price Formation, and the Architecture of Trading Hubs in the United States and Europe. It provides direct links to every live data source, chart, and report cited in the paper — from NYMEX Henry Hub futures on CME Group to TTF forward curves on ICE Endex, EIA weekly storage reports, GIE AGSI+ European storage, and OIES research publications.

01 US Benchmark — Henry Hub / NYMEX
Spot Price
Henry Hub Day-Ahead
US · NGI

The daily cash price for gas delivered at Henry Hub, Erath LA — the North American benchmark spot index published by Natural Gas Intelligence (NGI) and S&P Global Platts.

EIA Daily Price NGI Index
Futures — Prompt Month
NYMEX NG Futures
CME / NYMEX

Exchange-listed Henry Hub natural gas futures (ticker: NG). 10,000 MMBtu per contract. The world's most traded natural gas futures contract, listed up to 12 years forward.

CME Quotes Settlements
Forward Curve
Henry Hub — 12-Year Strip
CME

The full term structure of Henry Hub futures prices showing seasonality and long-run market expectations. Shape reveals contango, backwardation, and winter premiums.

Strip Prices EIA Weekly
Henry Hub Natural Gas — Historical Spot Price
Source: US EIA · Daily spot price · $/MMBtu
Full Dataset →
● Illustrative monthly averages. Click "Full Dataset" for live EIA data. Live Chart →
02 European Benchmark — TTF / ICE Endex
Day-Ahead Spot
TTF Day-Ahead Gas
EU · ICE Endex

Daily spot price for gas within the Dutch GTS transmission system — the European benchmark. Denominated in €/MWh. Published by ICE Endex and S&P Global Platts.

ICE TTF ICIS
Futures — Front Month
TTF Natural Gas Futures
ICE Endex

ICE Endex TTF futures: monthly, quarterly, seasonal, and annual contracts. Settled against GTS balance transfers — no physical pipeline nomination required. Europe's most liquid gas contract.

ICE Endex Powernext
TTF vs Henry Hub Spread
Transatlantic Arb
Global

The TTF–Henry Hub differential drives US LNG export economics. When TTF > HH + $3.50/MMBtu (liq + ship), US cargoes flow to Europe. Key to understanding global LNG routing.

EIA Weekly OIES NG-195
TTF vs Henry Hub — Comparative Price History
Source: ICE Endex / EIA · Monthly averages · HH in $/MMBtu, TTF converted at ~3.41 MMBtu/MWh
Live TTF →
● Illustrative monthly averages showing structural spread dynamics. 2021–22 spike reflects Russian supply disruption. OIES Quarterly →
03 US Natural Gas Storage — EIA Weekly Report
EIA Weekly Storage Report
US Working Gas in Storage
EIA · Every Thursday

Released every Thursday at 10:30 AM ET, this is the most market-moving natural gas data release in the US. Reports net change in storage across 5 regions (East, Midwest, Mountain, Pacific, South Central). Deviations from consensus can move NYMEX 5–10% instantly.

EIA Dashboard Weekly Report Historical Data
Storage Types
~400 Facilities · 4.7 Tcf Capacity
SSO Structure

US storage: ~280 depleted reservoir sites (seasonal), ~100 salt cavern sites (peak/intraday), ~40 aquifer sites. SSOs own the infrastructure but not the gas — shippers book capacity and inject their own molecules. Salt caverns dominate Gulf Coast; depleted reservoirs dominate Midwest and Appalachia.

EIA Storage Basics FERC Storage
US Working Gas in Storage — Weekly Levels vs. 5-Year Average
Source: US EIA · Billion cubic feet (Bcf) · All regions combined
Live Dashboard →
● Illustrative seasonal cycle showing injection (Apr–Oct) and withdrawal (Nov–Mar) pattern vs. 5-year average range. Download Data →
04 European Gas Storage — GIE AGSI+
GIE AGSI+ Database
European Storage Inventory
GIE · Daily

Gas Infrastructure Europe (GIE) publishes daily storage data for all EU member states plus the UK via the AGSI+ platform — the European equivalent of the EIA weekly report. Approximately 160 storage facilities, ~1,100 TWh total working capacity (~38 Bcm). Germany, Netherlands, Austria, Italy, and France account for ~75% of EU capacity.

AGSI+ Live Methodology
EU Regulation 2022/1032
Mandatory 90% Filling Targets
EC Regulation

Following the 2021–22 energy crisis, the EU introduced mandatory storage filling targets: member states must reach 90% of capacity by 1 November each year. This regulatory intervention — with no US equivalent — creates tension between market-based storage allocation and administrative security-of-supply requirements.

EC Gas Storage Regulation Text
European Gas Storage — Aggregate Fill Level (% of Capacity)
Source: GIE AGSI+ · EU aggregate · Daily · Mandatory 90% target shown
Live AGSI+ →
● Illustrative seasonal cycle. Note the 90% EU mandatory threshold (dashed). 2021–22 season started low, contributing to price spike. AGSI Charts →
05 US Trading Hubs — Basis to Henry Hub
30+ Active Trading Points
US Regional Hub Directory
Basis Differentials · $/MMBtu to HH
Hub Name Region Type Typical Basis to HH Key Driver Data Source
Henry Hub
NYMEX: NG
Gulf Coast Benchmark — reference 13 pipeline interconnections CME Group
Algonquin Citygate
AGT Zone 4
Northeast Demand Hub +$0.20 to +$70 Winter pipeline constraints into New England EIA
Transco Zone 6 NY
TZ6NY
Northeast Demand Hub +$0.10 to +$15 NYC metro demand; limited import capacity EIA Weekly
Dominion South
DOM-S
Appalachia Supply Hub −$0.50 to −$2.50 Marcellus/Utica shale overproduction; takeaway limits EIA
Chicago Citygate
CHI
Midwest Demand Hub +$0.05 to +$2 Midcontinent demand; well-connected grid EIA
Waha Hub
WAHA
Permian Supply Hub −$0.10 to −$3.50 Permian associated gas; periodic takeaway congestion EIA
Opal Hub
OPAL
Rockies Supply Hub −$0.20 to −$1.50 Wyoming Rockies production; long transport to markets NGI
SoCal Citygate
SOCAL
West Coast Demand Hub +$0.10 to +$11 CA demand + Aliso Canyon constraints EIA
Houston Ship Channel
HSC
Gulf Coast Industrial Hub −$0.05 to −$0.30 Industrial petrochemical demand; LNG feed gas EIA
06 European Trading Hubs — Basis to TTF
12 Active European Hubs
European Hub Directory
Basis Differentials · €/MWh to TTF
Hub Name Country TSO / Operator Typical Basis to TTF Exchange Data Source
TTF
Title Transfer Facility
Netherlands GTS (Gasunie) — benchmark ICE Endex ICE Endex
NBP
National Balancing Point
United Kingdom National Grid −€0.50 to −€3 ICE ICE NBP
THE
Trading Hub Europe
Germany THE (merged 2021) −€0.10 to −€1 EEX / PEGAS PEGAS
PEG
Point d'Échange de Gaz
France GRTgaz / Teréga −€0.10 to −€1.50 Powernext Powernext
PSV
Punto di Scambio Virtuale
Italy Snam Rete Gas +€0.50 to +€5 GME GME Italy
CEGH / VTP
Central European Gas Hub
Austria Gas Connect Austria −€0.10 to −€1 CEGH CEGH
ZEE / ZTP
Zeebrugge / Belgian Hub
Belgium Fluxys −€0.20 to −€1 ICE Fluxys ZTP
PVB / MIBGAS
Iberian Hub
Spain / Portugal Enagás / REN +€0.20 to +€4 MIBGAS MIBGAS
07 Global LNG Benchmarks — JKM · DES NWE · Netbacks
Asian LNG Benchmark
Platts JKM
Asia · S&P Global

Japan Korea Marker (JKM) is the spot price benchmark for LNG delivered to northeast Asia. Published by S&P Global Platts. The three-way Henry Hub / TTF / JKM arbitrage determines global LNG cargo routing and is the key mechanism linking the three major gas market regions.

Platts JKM
LNG Netback Calculator
US LNG Export Economics
Arb · HH + Liq + Ship

TTF ≥ HH + ~$3/MMBtu (liquefaction) + $0.5–1.5/MMBtu (Atlantic shipping) = profitable US→Europe LNG flow. EIA tracks US LNG export capacity utilisation weekly. Sabine Pass (near Henry Hub) was the first US LNG export terminal, opening in 2016.

EIA LNG Flows
LNG Trade Tracker
Global LNG Flows
GIIGNL · Kpler

GIIGNL publishes the annual LNG industry report covering global trade volumes, export capacity, and import terminal data. Kpler and Bloomberg provide real-time vessel tracking for cargo routing decisions between Atlantic and Pacific basins.

GIIGNL Reports EIA LNG Annual
Global Gas Benchmark Comparison — Henry Hub · TTF · JKM
Source: EIA / ICE / S&P Platts · Monthly averages · $/MMBtu equivalent
OIES NG-195 →
● Illustrative. Shows structural relationships: JKM typically at premium to TTF; TTF above HH when LNG flows to Europe are needed. 2021–22 spike driven by Russian supply cuts. Platts LNG →
08 Key Reports & Academic Sources
OIES Working Paper · NG-198 · 2025
European Traded Gas Hubs: TTF Now a Global Gas Benchmark
Patrick Heather · Oxford Institute for Energy Studies

Definitive annual analysis of all European hubs using churn rate methodology. Confirms TTF's status as a global benchmark with 45.9× churn rate in 2024. Free PDF download.

oxfordenergy.org → NG-198
OIES Working Paper · NG-195 · 2024
What Drives International Gas Prices in Competitive Markets
Mike Fulwood · Oxford Institute for Energy Studies

Compares US hub differentials from Henry Hub and European hub differentials from TTF in a single framework. Includes TTF netback to Henry Hub charts and multi-dimensional price driver analysis. Free PDF.

Direct PDF download
Exchange Whitepaper · CME Group
Henry Hub Natural Gas Futures: Global Benchmark
CME Group Education

Authoritative explainer on Henry Hub's physical infrastructure, the 13 connected pipelines, the basis differential framework, and the futures contract specification (10,000 MMBtu, monthly settlement).

cmegroup.com
Exchange Article · ICE
Natural Gas Benchmarks: A New Landscape
Intercontinental Exchange (ICE)

Covers LNG globalisation, the virtual pipeline between continents, and how Henry Hub, TTF, and JKM interact. Discusses Cheniere's shift from HH-indexed to TTF-indexed LNG contracts.

ice.com/insights
Government Data · US EIA
Natural Gas Weekly Update & Storage Dashboard
US Energy Information Administration

Weekly market analysis published every Thursday: price movements, storage vs. 5-year average, production and demand data, regional basis summaries. The most widely read weekly gas market publication in North America.

eia.gov/naturalgas/weekly
Infrastructure Database · GIE
AGSI+ Aggregated Gas Storage Inventory
Gas Infrastructure Europe

Daily storage data for all EU+UK facilities, by country and operator. Includes fill level %, injection/withdrawal rates, and historical comparisons. The European equivalent of the EIA weekly storage report.

agsi.gie.eu
Academic Journal · Energy Economics · 2014
What Drives Natural Gas Prices? A Structural VAR Approach
Nick, S. & Thoenes, S. · Energy Economics, 45, 517–527

Key academic reference on the fundamental drivers of natural gas prices using structural VAR methodology. Shows storage levels, temperatures, and oil prices as primary drivers of European hub prices.

doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2014.07.009
Academic Journal · IJEEP · 2023
Examining the Drivers of Natural Gas Price in Europe
Obadi, S.M. & Korček, M. · Int. J. Energy Economics and Policy, 13(3)

Granger causality analysis of TTF price drivers. Finds oil price, temperature, and coal prices Granger-cause TTF prices; power generation competition determines the marginal demand setting gas prices. Open access PDF.

Open Access PDF
OIES Quarterly Review · 2026
Quarterly Gas Review — Issue 31
Oxford Institute for Energy Studies · Gas Programme

Most current OIES quarterly covering TTF price dynamics, storage, LNG supply, and the US-Europe spread. Includes analysis of new LNG wave projects and 2026 outlook.

oxfordenergy.org
Regulatory Document · FERC · 1992
Order 636: Pipeline Service Obligations
US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

The foundational US regulatory order that unbundled pipeline transportation from gas commodity sales — the legal basis for competitive gas markets in the US and the framework within which Henry Hub's benchmark role emerged.

ferc.gov
Natural Gas Markets Dashboard · Research Companion · 2025 Data sources: EIA · CME Group · ICE Endex · GIE AGSI+ · S&P Global Platts · OIES Illustrative charts — click source links for live data
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